Peptide research, regulation, discovery. Every story links to the peptide it’s about.
RSSA propensity-matched cohort of 2,314 adults on methadone with both opioid use disorder and type 2 diabetes saw remission of OUD rise 75% and suicidal thoughts fall 73% on a GLP-1 RA versus matched controls. Cardiometabolic events dropped on the same axis.
A post-hoc analysis of the LAMP trial, published today in Stroke, split 510 Chinese patients with minor ischemic stroke and type 2 diabetes by HOMA-IR 2.5. In the insulin-resistant subgroup, liraglutide cut 90-day recurrent stroke from 18.1 percent to 5.8 percent (NNT=8) and composite vascular events from 19.2 to 5.8 percent. In the insulin-sensitive subgroup, no benefit. The treatment-by-insulin-resistance interaction was significant at p equals 0.02 for both endpoints.
A 21-child Phase 2 trial paired Ascendis Pharma's navepegritide, a C-type natriuretic peptide prodrug, with lonapegsomatropin, a growth-hormone prodrug, in achondroplasia. Treatment-naive kids grew 8.69 cm per year versus 5.95 on matched monotherapy, a 2.74 cm per year gain (p less than 0.0001). Nine children already on navepegritide for a year added another 3.28 cm per year. Arm span gained 9.4 cm in the treatment-naive arm, lifting the body-proportionality endpoint that has defined this field.
A meta-analysis of 20 randomized trials and 83,004 type 2 diabetes patients found GLP-1 receptor agonists cut composite renal events 20 percent, the largest effect in the bundle. Cardiovascular events fell 13 percent. Heart failure hospitalizations and coronary revascularizations did not reach statistical significance. The cardio part of cardiorenal is smaller than the framing suggests.
A 144,410-patient propensity-matched cohort in Endocrine Practice (TriNetX, 2015-2023) found GLP-1 receptor agonists associated with 41 percent higher thyroid cancer incidence (HR 1.411), but the signal attenuated to non-significance at the 3-year landmark analysis, consistent with surveillance bias rather than carcinogenicity. Digestive (HR 0.71), respiratory (HR 0.69), oral, female-genital, and CNS cancers were all lower in the GLP-1 RA arm, and held up against active comparators (DPP-4 and SGLT2 inhibitors).
A meta-analysis of 28 studies and 212,082 patients found GLP-1 receptor agonists nearly quadrupled retained gastric contents (OR 3.95) and procedure cancellations (OR 3.96) before upper endoscopy. The fear that drove the 2023 ASA hold-the-drug advisory, aspiration, did not move (OR 1.09, CI 0.46 to 2.60). The cancellations may be doing the prevention work, which is what the published data cannot disentangle.
Six days after the news section explained why avexitide blocks the GLP-1 receptor to fix post-bariatric hypoglycemia, an Obesity Reviews meta-analysis (Eisa and Barood, 15 May 2026, doi:10.1111/obr.70161) of 7 studies and 337 patients showed that semaglutide, which activates the same receptor, fixes the same complication. Standardized mean differences of -1.18 on dumping symptom scores, -0.85 on hypoglycemic episode frequency, -0.62 on time in hypoglycemia, all p<0.001 with I² heterogeneity at 35-39%. The reconciliation is that the receptor amplification step is downstream of a meal-driven trigger, and semaglutide intercepts the trigger by slowing gastric emptying. Two drugs at the same receptor in opposite directions, both producing the same outcome by acting on different parts of the chain.
The European Association for the Study of Obesity updated its living obesity-pharmacotherapy framework. Two cells moved. Tirzepatide is now first-line when weight loss is the goal and the patient has no other complications. Semaglutide is the only drug recommended for improvement in MASH-fibrosis stage. Sixty-two randomized trials behind a society guideline that updated in seven months instead of seven years.
A 1,021-patient propensity-matched cohort found that starting a GLP-1 receptor agonist dropped time in therapeutic range by 2.1 percentage points (p=0.01) and increased time above range by 1.3 points. Mean INR did not shift — variance did. The interaction is behavioral, not pharmacokinetic: appetite suppression makes vitamin K intake variable, and warfarin's narrow window tracks that variability.
ATTAIN-MAINTAIN, the first phase-3 maintenance trial in obesity, randomized 376 adults who had completed 72 weeks of weekly tirzepatide or semaglutide to daily oral orforglipron or placebo for another year. The pill arm held 74.7 percent of the prior weight loss after tirzepatide and 79.3 percent after semaglutide; the placebo arms held 49.2 percent and 37.6 percent. Blood pressure, lipid, and glucose gains held with the weight.
A 3,478-patient TriNetX match has GLP-1 receptor agonists beating bariatric surgery on colectomy (OR 0.13), IBD flares (OR 0.44), and seven other outcomes, even though the drug arm finished the study heavier (BMI 34.5 vs 33.4).
Two ECO 2026 abstracts in Istanbul (May 12-15) are closing the geriatric obesity-drug data gap simultaneously. A Padova-led pooled analysis of semaglutide 2.4 mg in 358 adults aged 65 and older from STEP 1, 3, 4, 5, 8, and 9 reports 15.4% weight loss vs 5.1% placebo, 28.6% hit at least 20% loss vs 2.7%, and 27% reached a healthy BMI under 27. A Lilly post-hoc analysis of orforglipron pools 616 adults aged 65 and older from ATTAIN-1 and ATTAIN-2, the first proper geriatric pool for an oral GLP-1 product. Both peptide and pill are getting their first systematic 65+ read in the same week.
MBX Biosciences reported Phase 2a STEADI proof-of-concept for once-weekly imapextide in post-bariatric hypoglycemia on May 11, with glucose nadir up 17-34% and insulin peak down 11-45% across doses. Same GLP-1 receptor antagonist mechanism as Amylyx's avexitide (Phase 3 LUCIDITY readout Q3 2026), same indication. The PBH peptide space went from single-drug curiosity to two-program race overnight. The same MBX update covered MBX 4291 once-monthly Phase 1 data and the IND-enabling amycretin candidate MBX 5765, both engineered for monthly dosing.
A JAMA Network Open retrospective cohort of 841,831 women with breast cancer (TriNetX, 68 healthcare orgs, 10-year follow-up) found GLP-1 receptor agonists associated with lower mortality and recurrence-free survival vs propensity-matched comparators. Hazard ratios were 0.35 (mortality) in the obesity subgroup vs nonusers and 0.09 vs insulin/metformin in T2D. The third comparison, GLP-1 RAs vs SGLT2 inhibitors, found no significant difference, arguing against any GLP-1-specific anti-cancer mechanism and pointing toward the shared metabolic-class benefit.
Amylyx opened a US Expanded Access Program on May 5 for up to 250 adults with post-bariatric hypoglycemia, providing access to avexitide while LUCIDITY reads out topline in Q3 2026. Avexitide is the first-in-class peptide GLP-1 receptor antagonist (the same molecule as exendin (9-39), a truncated form of exendin-4 that binds without activating). FDA Breakthrough Therapy Designation in both PBH and congenital hyperinsulinism. The program inverts the GLP-1 narrative: for this population, GLP-1 signaling is the problem.