Peptide research, regulation, discovery. Every story links to the peptide it’s about.
RSSA Nature Health analysis of 67,008 Reddit users on semaglutide and tirzepatide surfaced menstrual and body-temperature complaints that clinical trials never catalogued. It is a lead worth chasing, not proof of cause.
A single-center review of adolescents on liraglutide or semaglutide found no rise in suicidality and a drop in depression scores. The finding rests on fifteen paired depression screens.
A Mendelian randomization study found that genetically higher GLP-1 receptor activity tracked lower heart-failure risk, with about a quarter of the effect running through less of the inflammation enzyme MMP-1. The heart-failure estimate barely cleared significance, and no drug was given.
Eighteen reviews say GLP-1 drugs help in type 1 diabetes. A new overlap-informed umbrella review shows they re-pool the same few trials. Weight fell about 3.9 kg and insulin dropped, but time in range did not move, and the most certain findings were nausea, vomiting, and dropouts.
A pooled analysis of ten randomized trials put tirzepatide's atrial fibrillation odds at more than double placebo, then concluded the drug is not linked to it. With rare events and a credible interval running from 0.81 to 6.75, the scary point estimate is really the shape of uncertainty.
A meta-analysis pooled four randomized trials, 446 patients, of the GLP-1 drug liraglutide given around cardiac surgery. It improved glucose control but did not change deaths, complications, cardiac events, or even the hypoglycemia it was meant to avoid. The evidence base is too small to say why.
A network meta-analysis of 58 randomised trials and 24,214 people without diabetes found the newer multi-target drugs (retatrutide, tirzepatide, CagriSema) beat the conventional GLP-1 shots. The hierarchy is probabilistic, though, and one of the most effective drugs was also among the hardest to stay on.
A retrospective look at 23 adults with cystic-fibrosis-related diabetes found lung function rose a median 6 points over six months on a GLP-1 drug, and the gain held after adjusting for weight loss. Small, uncontrolled, and a reason to run the trial, not to conclude.
The first study to line up the acid-reflux question across the United States, Japan, and Canada found that heartburn shows up in reports about GLP-1 drugs two to five times more often than in reports about an older diabetes pill, strongest for semaglutide and inverted for exenatide. But a reporting signal counts paperwork, not patients: nobody measured how many people actually got reflux, and the most talked-about medicines on earth generate more reports of everything.
A network meta-analysis of 15 studies and 1,877 people ranked GLP-1 drugs first for lowering the apnea-hypopnea index (15.28 fewer breathing events an hour) in overweight patients with sleep apnea. Their improvement in daytime sleepiness was statistically real but ten times below the threshold a patient would notice, and plain aerobic exercise ranked first on that symptom. No comparison earned a high-certainty rating.
An umbrella review found ten meta-analyses tying GLP-1 drugs to lower atrial fibrillation, but they re-pool the same trials. Two built from an identical six studies still reported different results (hazard ratios 0.58 and 0.78), and quality was rated low to critically low across the board.
In 14,046 diverse US patients, tirzepatide took off about 13 percent of body weight in a year, semaglutide about 6, and the three older GLP-1 shots tied near 4. The trial ordering held, but tirzepatide's lead rests on just 386 people.
In a matched cohort of 1,798 carotid-stenting patients, those on a GLP-1 drug had fewer combined cardiovascular events over a year. The entire benefit was lower all-cause mortality. The heart attacks and strokes the composite is built on did not budge.
A meta-analysis of the few trials that actually weighed a test meal found GLP-1 drugs cut about 271 calories from a single sitting, with semaglutide and tirzepatide indistinguishable and real-world eating barely studied.
A meta-analysis of GLP-1 weight-loss trials found overall nonadherence was 37 percent lower than in control groups, but dropouts from side effects were 2.3 times as common, mostly gastrointestinal.