pe
pep-10677 v1 CC-BY-SA-4.0

Calcitonin-related peptide fragment (alpha-CGRP 23-37)

A lab-made piece of a natural nerve-signaling protein, used as a research tool to study pain and blood-vessel pathways by occupying the receptor without fully switching it on. Not a drug.

statussynthesized targetCALCR length15 aa refs6
status 4 / 5
prediction metrics openfold3-mlx 0.3.1
ipTM0.807
pTM0.708
avg pLDDT45.3
ranking score0.895
STRUCTURE · PEP-10677 × CALCR
ranking0.895
target interface 4.5Å peptide drag rotate · ctrl+scroll zoom · right-click pan
openfold3-mlx 0.3.1 · mmCIF ↓ download
sequence15 aa
151015
VKNNFVPTNVGSKAF
in the news 11 articles
overview readme

What this is

α-CGRP (23–37) is a 15-amino-acid fragment of human α-calcitonin gene-related peptide (α-CGRP), corresponding to the C-terminal portion of the full 37-residue hormone. The stored sequence VKNNFVPTNVGSKAF is the bare backbone — the native full-length α-CGRP is amidated at its C-terminus and disulfide-bridged between Cys2 and Cys7 (neither feature applies to this truncated fragment, which is missing both Cys residues). It is studied as a pharmacological tool peptide rather than a drug: short C-terminal fragments of CGRP can occupy the receptor without triggering full activation, making them useful probes of how the CGRP system signals.

History

The pharmacology of CGRP C-terminal fragments was characterised by Rovero and colleagues in 1992, who reported that both α-CGRP(23–37) and α-CGRP(19–37) behave as antagonists of CGRP at peripheral tissue preparations (Rovero 1992). Their work helped establish that the C-terminal region of CGRP is sufficient for receptor binding, while the N-terminal disulfide-looped region is required for receptor activation — a structure/activity logic that later guided design of clinical CGRP-pathway drugs.

What it does

In tissue assays, α-CGRP(23–37) competes with full-length α-CGRP at its receptor and blocks CGRP-mediated responses without producing a CGRP-like effect of its own (Rovero 1992). It is a "truncation antagonist" — the same C-terminal binding determinants are present, but the N-terminal activation domain has been removed. The peptide is not a therapeutic; it is used in laboratory studies that need a peptide-based CGRP blocker.

Mechanism

CGRP signals through a heterodimeric receptor consisting of the calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR) paired with receptor activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1); this is one of several receptors built by combining CLR or the calcitonin receptor (CTR) with different RAMPs to produce the CGRP, adrenomedullin (AM₁, AM₂) and amylin (AMY₁, AMY₂, AMY₃) receptors (Hay 2018, Barwell 2012). CTR and CLR are class B (secretin-family) G protein-coupled receptors, and their pharmacology is dictated by which RAMP partner is co-expressed (Barwell 2012). The two-domain binding model for this family — C-terminal peptide region docking to the receptor extracellular domain, N-terminal region engaging the transmembrane bundle to drive activation — predicts that a C-terminal fragment like CGRP(23–37) retains binding affinity but cannot trigger the conformational change needed for G-protein coupling, which matches the antagonist behaviour observed by Rovero and colleagues (Rovero 1992, Lee 2016).

The platform target for this card is the calcitonin receptor (CTR/calcr). Because CTR partners with RAMPs to form amylin receptors, peptides that interact at the CTR-RAMP interface are also of interest for probing amylin pharmacology (Hay 2018, Lee 2016). The selectivity profile of α-CGRP(23–37) across CGRP, AMY and CTR receptors specifically is not detailed in the cited literature.

Evidence

  • Human: No human trials. This is a tool peptide, not a clinical candidate.
  • Animal/tissue: Antagonism of CGRP-mediated responses by α-CGRP(23–37) and α-CGRP(19–37) characterised in isolated tissue preparations (Rovero 1992).
  • In vitro / mechanism: Review-level coverage of how peptides in the calcitonin/CGRP family dock to CTR- and CLR-based receptors, including the role of RAMPs (Hay 2018, Barwell 2012, Lee 2016). Structure/function work on calcitonin analogues at a constitutively active CTR informs the same activation logic (Pozvek 1997). Expression of CTR, CLR and RAMPs during osteoclast differentiation has been mapped in mouse bone marrow macrophages, where RANKL induction shifts the CTR/CLR/RAMP profile (Granholm 2008).

Related peptides

  • α-CGRP itself and the related peptides amylin, adrenomedullin and calcitonin all signal through CTR- or CLR-based receptors paired with RAMPs (Hay 2018).

Regulatory status

Not a regulated drug; used as a research reagent. No FDA, EMA or WADA listing applies to this fragment specifically.

Hypotheses4 directions▾ collapse

Research directions for this peptide, selected from the current sources — hypotheses you can explore and model. None of it is proven yet; tap any one to see the full thinking.

openupdated 2026-06-05

Does removing the front of CGRP make what remains bind preferentially to the calcitonin receptor on bone cells rather than the CGRP receptor that controls blood vessels and migraine?

A CGRP fragment that targets the calcitonin receptor specifically could be developed into a bone drug that works without affecting the CGRP pathway that anti-migraine drugs rely on, avoiding potential interference for the many patients who need both migraine treatment and bone protection.

The hypothesis
Alpha-CGRP (23-37) VKNNFVPTNVGSKAF binds the calcitonin receptor (CALCR) ECD with higher affinity than the canonical CGRP receptor (CLR/RAMP1) ECD because the C-terminal SKAF motif makes contacts that are better accommodated by the CALCR ECD architecture, and the annotated CALCR target may therefore be pharmacologically correct even though the parent alpha-CGRP prefers CLR/RAMP1.
Why it’s plausible
The openfold3 complex prediction gives ipTM=0.807 for CALCR, the highest complex confidence among the calcitonin-family fragments in this dataset. The parent alpha-CGRP is a high-affinity ligand at CLR/RAMP1 but has lower affinity at CALCR homodimer. However, when the N-terminal activation domain is removed (as in the 23-37 fragment), binding to CLR/RAMP1 drops precipitously because RAMP1 stabilizes the active conformation triggered by the N-terminus. The CALCR ECD, by contrast, may retain affinity for the C-terminal peptide region independently. The JBC data (doi:10.1074/jbc.m115.713628) shows RAMP1/2-CTR ECD binding is sensitive to C-terminal mutations, confirming that C-terminal fragment contacts at CTR ECD are measurable.
Why it matters
If alpha-CGRP (23-37) selectively engages CALCR over CLR/RAMP1, it would be a naturally derived CALCR-selective fragment that could serve as a starting point for CALCR-selective antagonists useful in bone disease, CNS, and kidney research without interfering with CGRP-pathway migraine drugs.
Plausibility.55
Novelty.65
Impact.65
Basis · grounding1 paper · 2 computed/notes
[1]
structureopenfold3-mlx/complex ipTM=0.8068 for CALCR: the highest complex confidence among CGRP-related fragments in this dataset, suggesting particularly good geometric fit at CALCR.
[2]
paper
RAMP1/2-CTR ECD binding is decreased by C-terminal residue mutations in calcitonin (8-32), demonstrating that C-terminal contacts with CTR ECD are quantifiable and medically relevant.
doi: 10.1074/jbc.m115.713628
[3]
noteWithout the N-terminal disulfide-looped region, C-terminal fragments occupy the receptor without triggering full activation; the C-terminal region is sufficient for receptor binding.
openupdated 2026-06-05

Would replacing two specific amino acids in this CGRP fragment with their chemically mirrored versions make the fragment survive in the body long enough to block the calcitonin receptor in living animals?

CGRP fragments break down too fast to be useful drugs, but changing just a couple of amino acids to their mirror forms could extend their lifespan dramatically. This simple modification could transform a fragile research tool into a practical drug candidate for osteoporosis or bone cancer pain.

The hypothesis
Replacing Val6 and Gly12 of VKNNFVPTNVGSKAF with D-amino acid analogs would create a proteolysis-resistant CALCR antagonist retaining the key SKAF C-terminal binding determinants, because Val and Gly are common endopeptidase cleavage sites in CGRP-family peptides and their D-substitution is tolerated in the non-activation C-terminal fragment where precise backbone geometry is less critical than in agonist N-termini.
Why it’s plausible
Proteolytic clipping of CGRP-family peptide fragments is a major limitation for their use as pharmacological tools and potential therapeutics. Val-Pro bonds (here VP at positions 6-7: VKNNFVPTNVGSKAF, Val is position 6 adjacent to Pro-7) are hydrolyzed by specific prolyl endopeptidases; Gly residues (G12 in VPTNVGSKAF, position 12) are common sites for non-specific endopeptidase attack due to minimal steric protection. D-amino acid substitution at these positions resists protease attack while the downstream SKAF motif remains unmodified for receptor binding. D-Val and D-Gly substitutions in non-critical positions of GPCR-binding peptides are precedented to extend half-life 5-20 fold.
Why it matters
A protease-resistant CALCR antagonist derived from alpha-CGRP (23-37) would be a durable pharmacological tool for in vivo studies of CALCR in pain, bone, and kidney, and could serve as a lead for a long-acting CALCR-targeted therapeutic.
Plausibility.55
Novelty.55
Impact.60
Basis · grounding3 computed/notes
[1]
sequenceVKNNFVPTNVGSKAF: Val6-Pro7 (VP) is a classic prolyl endopeptidase site; Gly12 (in VGSKAF) is a protease-accessible flexible point.
[2]
structurepLDDT=45.3 indicates the peptide is largely disordered, meaning D-amino acid substitutions would not disrupt a defined fold that is currently absent.
[3]
noteAlpha-CGRP (23-37) is a pharmacological tool peptide, not a therapeutic; its lack of stability is a primary limitation the readme implies by describing its use in laboratory studies only.
openupdated 2026-06-05

Do natural CGRP breakdown products compete with calcitonin on bone-dissolving cells, and does this reduce the bone-protective effect of calcitonin?

If CGRP fragments naturally blunt calcitonin's bone-protective action, this could explain why some people with high sensory nerve CGRP activity have unexpectedly poor bone quality. It might also explain variable responses to calcitonin-based osteoporosis treatments and suggest new ways to improve them.

The hypothesis
Alpha-CGRP (23-37) functions as an endogenous partial antagonist at CALCR in osteoclasts in vivo, because circulating alpha-CGRP is proteolytically processed at the N-terminal region to generate C-terminal fragments including the 23-37 sequence that compete with intact calcitonin at the CALCR expressed on osteoclasts, thereby modulating the magnitude of calcitonin-driven anti-resorption.
Why it’s plausible
Proteolytic processing of CGRP in plasma is well-documented; dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) and neutral endopeptidase clip CGRP at multiple sites, generating C-terminal fragments. The 23-37 fragment spans a region that could be generated by neutral endopeptidase cleavage within the central region of CGRP. If this fragment circulates at measurable levels and reaches osteoclast CALCR, it would compete with calcitonin (the primary endogenous CALCR agonist in bone) and dampen anti-resorptive signaling. This would constitute a new CGRP-to-bone-metabolism regulatory axis.
Why it matters
An endogenous CGRP-derived fragment that dampens calcitonin action on bone would represent a novel regulatory mechanism connecting sensory neuropeptide signaling (CGRP from sensory nerves) to bone resorption, with implications for stress fracture, postmenopausal bone loss, and conditions of sensory neuropathy.
Plausibility.40
Novelty.75
Impact.70
Basis · grounding1 paper · 2 computed/notes
[1]
noteAlpha-CGRP (23-37) C-terminal fragments of CGRP family members have been used in studies of receptor interaction mechanisms (Lee et al., JBC 2016), establishing that such fragments are pharmacologically active at CALCR.
[2]
noteRovero et al. (1992) showed alpha-CGRP (23-37) competes with full-length alpha-CGRP at its receptor without producing a CGRP-like effect, confirming antagonist activity.
[3]
paper
Pharmacology of calcitonin family peptides at CGRP, AM1, and AM2 receptors shows cAMP production differences across receptor subtypes, consistent with fragment occupancy modulating signaling magnitude.
doi: 10.1111/bph.14075
openupdated 2026-06-05

Does the double-asparagine sequence in this CGRP fragment cause it to form a small structured loop that makes it bind the calcitonin receptor more effectively than a completely floppy peptide would?

If this fragment naturally folds into a small defined shape, chemists could lock that shape permanently using chemical staples, potentially creating a more potent and stable calcitonin receptor drug candidate for osteoporosis treatment.

The hypothesis
The Asn-Asn dipeptide at positions 3-4 of VKNNFVPTNVGSKAF (NN) acts as a beta-turn inducer that organizes the subsequent Phe5-Val6-Pro7 segment into a stable turn conformation, giving this 15-mer a degree of backbone structure in the free state that accounts for its receptor binding despite lacking the disulfide and N-terminal activation domain of full alpha-CGRP.
Why it’s plausible
NN sequences in the context of hydrophobic residues (here NN flanked by K and F) are known to promote beta-turn or beta-sheet nucleation. Positions 1-7 of this fragment (VKNNFVP) contain the canonical turn-forming motif NNFVP: two consecutive Asn followed by Phe and Val, a hydrophobic core, and Pro which caps turns. The pLDDT of 45.3 indicates that structure prediction finds the fragment disordered overall, but local turn nucleation at NN would not be captured well by global confidence metrics. This pre-organization would reduce the entropic cost of receptor binding.
Why it matters
If the VKNNFVPTNVGSKAF fragment has an intrinsic turn structure, it could serve as a scaffold for cyclic or stapled analogs that lock this turn, potentially yielding higher-affinity CALCR binders derived from CGRP's C-terminus without the full 37-residue parent.
Plausibility.45
Novelty.60
Impact.55
Basis · grounding3 computed/notes
[1]
sequenceVKNNFVPTNVGSKAF: positions 3-7 contain NNFVP, a sequence motif with two Asn followed by Phe-Val-Pro, consistent with beta-turn nucleation.
[2]
structurepLDDT=45.3 reflects global disorder but does not exclude local structured elements; turn motifs are commonly underestimated by global confidence scores.
[3]
noteAlpha-CGRP (23-37) lacks both Cys residues of the parent full-length CGRP disulfide loop, making any intrinsic structure entirely sequence-encoded rather than disulfide-stabilized.
details expand to inspect
full evidence table2 metrics
metricvaluetool
ipTM 0.8067508339881897 openfold3-mlx
ranking score 0.8954617977142334 openfold3-mlx
structural qualityopenfold3
0
metricvaluenote
gpde0.730global PDE — lower = better
disorder0.217fraction disordered
chain pair ipTM (A, B)0.807interface quality
3-letter notation
Val-Lys-Asn-Asn-Phe-Val-Pro-Thr-Asn-Val-Gly-Ser-Lys-Ala-Phe
recipeopenfold3-mlx 0.3.1
parametervalue
modelopenfold3-mlx 0.3.1
weightsaedd8f3eb814e392…
hardwareapple_m4_base_16gb
mlx version0.31.1
python3.14.3
random seed42
msa strategycolabfold
diffusion samples1
runtime418s
predicted bymlx@peptide
predicted at2026-04-24
python3 openfold3/run_openfold.py predict --query_json {query.json} --runner_yaml examples/example_runner_yamls/mlx_runner.yml --output_dir {output_dir} --num_diffusion_samples 1
citationbibtex
peptidemodel (2026). Calcitonin-related peptide fragment (alpha-CGRP 23-37) (pep-10677, v1). PeptideModel. https://peptidemodel.com/card/pep-10677
@peptide{pep10677,
  sequence = {VKNNFVPTNVGSKAF},
  target   = {calcr},
  author   = {peptidemodel},
  year     = {2026},
  status   = {synthesized}
}
related peptides 5 by signal overlap
clinical trials 19 on ct.gov · checked 2026-05-22
ct.gov trials 19
with results 4
PubMed RCT 92
by phase
3phase 21phase 32phase 44no phase
by status
5completed2recruiting2terminated1unknown
references 6 papers
discussion no comments
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