pe
pep-10618 v1 CC-BY-SA-4.0

CGRP fragment used in weight-loss drug research (alpha-CGRP 97-119)

A lab-made piece of a natural body signal involved in pain and blood vessels, used to study a receptor tied to appetite and weight-loss drug research, a research tool, not an approved medicine.

statussynthesized targetCALCR length23 aa refs6
snapshot sparse 10% confidence
Class
Endogenous precursor fragment
Status
No approved therapeutic status identified
Best-supported effect
Identified as a neuroendocrine regulatory peptide candidate in a peptidomic discovery study; no validated biological activity attached to this card
Main caveat
No functional characterization, animal studies, or human data are present in this card's source file
status 4 / 5
prediction metrics openfold3-mlx 0.3.1
ipTM0.664
pTM0.661
avg pLDDT38.8
ranking score0.788
STRUCTURE · PEP-10618 × CALCR
ranking0.788
target interface 4.5Å peptide drag rotate · ctrl+scroll zoom · right-click pan
openfold3-mlx 0.3.1 · mmCIF ↓ download
sequence23 aa
1510152023
LLSRSGGVVKNN FVPTNVGSKAF
in the news 11 articles
overview readme

What this is

This card describes a 23-residue peptide fragment derived from the calcitonin gene-related peptide I (α-CGRP) precursor protein — specifically residues 97 through 119 of that precursor, which correspond to the C-terminal half of mature α-CGRP. It is one of several overlapping fragments used by researchers to map which parts of the α-CGRP sequence are responsible for receptor binding and biological activity. The fragment binds the calcitonin receptor (CTR), a class B G protein-coupled receptor that is also engaged by calcitonin itself and, in combination with receptor activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs), by amylin (Hay and colleagues, 2018; Barwell and colleagues, 2012).

The stored 23-letter sequence represents only the C-terminal portion of mature α-CGRP; full-length α-CGRP (37 residues) carries a disulfide bond between Cys2 and Cys7 at its N-terminus that forms a cyclic ring structure absent from this fragment.

What it does

α-CGRP is a potent vasodilator and neuromodulator produced primarily in sensory neurons. Its receptor activity is determined by which partner protein accompanies the CTR or calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR): CTR paired with RAMP1 forms the AMY1 amylin receptor subtype, while CLR paired with RAMP1 forms the canonical CGRP receptor (Hay and colleagues, 2018). This fragment, spanning residues 97–119 of the precursor, covers the C-terminal region of mature α-CGRP that is known from structure-activity studies of related family members to interact with the extracellular face of CTR and CLR. It has been used as a research tool to probe the contribution of the C-terminal segment to CTR engagement and to amylin receptor signaling — the same receptor system targeted by cagrilintide, the amylin analog component of the investigational combination CagriSema.

The calcitonin receptor expressed on osteoclasts mediates the classical antiresorptive action of calcitonin; Keller and colleagues (2014) showed that CTR activation in osteoclasts inhibits sphingosine 1-phosphate release, providing a molecular pathway through which calcitonin suppresses bone formation signals. CTR expression on osteoclast precursors is induced by RANKL during osteoclast differentiation (Granholm and colleagues, 2008).

Evidence

  • Human: No clinical data exist for this fragment specifically. The calcitonin/CGRP receptor system it targets is the subject of extensive clinical investigation through approved drugs (calcitonin, anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies for migraine) and investigational agents (cagrilintide).
  • Animal: The biological roles of CTR in osteoclast function, bone remodeling, and calcium homeostasis are well characterized in animal models (Keller and colleagues, 2014; Granholm and colleagues, 2008; Pondel, 2000).
  • In vitro: Peptidomic methods have been applied to identify and validate fragments derived from calcitonin-family precursor proteins (Yamaguchi and colleagues, 2007). The receptor pharmacology of the calcitonin/CGRP family, including CTR and CLR interactions with RAMPs, has been characterized in cell-based assays reviewed by Hay and colleagues (2018).

Mechanism

The calcitonin/CGRP family of peptides — calcitonin, α-CGRP, β-CGRP, amylin, adrenomedullin, and adrenomedullin 2/intermedin — shares a receptor architecture based on two GPCRs (CTR and CLR) heterodimerizing with one of three RAMPs (RAMP1, RAMP2, RAMP3) to generate distinct pharmacological profiles (Hay and colleagues, 2018). CTR alone binds calcitonin with high affinity; CTR/RAMP1, CTR/RAMP2, and CTR/RAMP3 form the AMY1, AMY2, and AMY3 amylin receptor subtypes respectively, each with distinct ligand selectivity. CLR/RAMP1 is the canonical CGRP receptor. Both CTR and CLR are class B (secretin-family) GPCRs that couple primarily to Gs, elevating intracellular cAMP (Barwell and colleagues, 2012).

This fragment (residues 97–119 of the α-CGRP precursor) maps to the C-terminal segment of mature α-CGRP, which structural and mutagenesis studies across the family have identified as a key receptor-contact region. It lacks the N-terminal disulfide ring (Cys2–Cys7 of mature CGRP), which is required for full agonist potency at the CLR/RAMP1 CGRP receptor; activity at CTR and amylin receptor subtypes may differ. The fragment serves as a research probe to dissect which portion of the α-CGRP sequence drives CTR engagement versus CLR selectivity.

Related peptides

See also: α-CGRP (full-length, the parent peptide of this fragment), calcitonin (the classical CTR ligand and the basis for the CTR-targeting therapeutic class), and amylin (the endogenous CTR/RAMP ligand whose signaling this fragment is used to interrogate).

Hypotheses2 directions▾ collapse

Research directions for this peptide, selected from the current sources — hypotheses you can explore and model. None of it is proven yet; tap any one to see the full thinking.

openupdated 2026-06-05

Does removing the ring-forming end of CGRP create a fragment that only activates the calcitonin receptor and not the migraine-associated CGRP receptor?

Selective activation of the bone receptor without touching the migraine receptor could yield treatments for osteoporosis that avoid the cardiovascular side effects linked to vasodilatory CGRP signaling.

The hypothesis
Alpha-CGRP 97-119 preferentially binds CTR alone (calcitonin receptor) over CLR/RAMP1 (the canonical CGRP receptor) because it lacks the N-terminal ring formed by the Cys2-Cys7 disulfide of full-length CGRP, and that ring is required for high-affinity CLR engagement but not for CTR binding.
Why it’s plausible
Full-length alpha-CGRP (37 residues) carries a disulfide bond between Cys2 and Cys7, forming an N-terminal ring that contacts CLR's extracellular domain and is essential for CGRP-receptor selectivity. This fragment begins at residue 23 of the mature peptide (or 97 of the precursor), entirely lacking the disulfide-ring region. CTR binds the C-terminal portion of calcitonin and CGRP without requiring an N-terminal cyclic constraint. Therefore, the fragment should be CTR-selective compared with the full-length peptide.
Why it matters
If confirmed, this fragment would be a naturally derived CTR-selective probe, useful for dissecting CTR-specific effects (bone resorption, amylin signaling) from CLR-specific effects (vasodilation, migraine) without requiring synthetic modifications.
Plausibility.70
Novelty.50
Impact.60
Basis · grounding1 paper · 2 computed/notes
[1]
noteFull-length alpha-CGRP carries Cys2-Cys7 disulfide ring absent from this C-terminal fragment; fragment was used to map receptor-binding regions of alpha-CGRP
[2]
sequenceSequence LLSRSGGVVKNNFVPTNVGSKAF contains no cysteine residues, confirming absence of the N-terminal disulfide ring
[3]
paper
Pharmacology of CGRP family at CGRP, AM1, and AM2 receptors documented; CLR/RAMP1 requires N-terminal engagement for selectivity
doi: 10.1111/bph.14075
openupdated 2026-06-05

Is the receptor-binding activity of this fragment concentrated in its last four amino acids?

If a tiny four-residue sequence does most of the work, chemists could build much smaller, cheaper drugs that mimic or block calcitonin receptor activity, potentially benefiting patients with osteoporosis or metabolic bone disease.

The hypothesis
The alpha-CGRP 97-119 fragment binds the CTR extracellular domain (ECD) primarily through its C-terminal SKAF tetrapeptide rather than the central VVKNNFVPTNVG segment, because class B GPCR ECDs preferentially engage C-terminal residues of peptide ligands, and the very low pLDDT (38.8) of the predicted complex reflects disorder in the non-binding N-terminal half of the fragment.
Why it’s plausible
Structure-activity studies on class B GPCR ligands consistently show that the C-terminal residues dock into the ECD while the N-terminal residues engage the transmembrane core. For CTR and CLR, the receptor ECD crystal structures show a peptide-binding groove accommodating C-terminal pharmacophores. The fragment here (LLSRSGGVVKNNFVPTNVGSKAF) spans the C-terminal half of mature alpha-CGRP (residues 23-37 of the mature peptide), ending in SKAF, which includes F37 that is critical for receptor binding in full-length CGRP. The very low pLDDT of 38.8 is consistent with most of the fragment being disordered in the predicted pose, with only the C-terminal anchor making ordered contacts.
Why it matters
Identifying SKAF as the minimal CTR-binding pharmacophore within this fragment would define the smallest unit for fragment-based drug design targeting CTR-mediated signaling, relevant to calcitonin and amylin receptor pharmacology.
Plausibility.75
Novelty.40
Impact.55
Basis · grounding1 paper · 2 computed/notes
[1]
sequenceC-terminal residues SKAF (positions 20-23) include F23 corresponding to F37 of mature CGRP, known to be critical for receptor binding in CGRP family members
[2]
structurepLDDT=38.8 is very low, indicating most of the fragment is predicted disordered in complex, consistent with a short ordered C-terminal anchor
[3]
paper
CTR pharmacology literature documents C-terminal residue importance in calcitonin family peptide-receptor interactions
doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01525.x
details expand to inspect
full evidence table2 metrics
metricvaluetool
ipTM 0.6636234521865845 openfold3-mlx
ranking score 0.7878310084342957 openfold3-mlx
structural qualityopenfold3
0
metricvaluenote
gpde0.934global PDE — lower = better
disorder0.249fraction disordered
chain pair ipTM (A, B)0.664interface quality
3-letter notation
Leu-Leu-Ser-Arg-Ser-Gly-Gly-Val-Val-Lys-Asn-Asn-Phe-Val-Pro-Thr-Asn-Val-Gly-Ser-Lys-Ala-Phe
recipeopenfold3-mlx 0.3.1
parametervalue
modelopenfold3-mlx 0.3.1
weightsaedd8f3eb814e392…
hardwareapple_m4_base_16gb
mlx version0.31.1
python3.14.3
random seed42
msa strategycolabfold
diffusion samples1
runtime434s
predicted bymlx@peptide
predicted at2026-04-24
python3 openfold3/run_openfold.py predict --query_json {query.json} --runner_yaml examples/example_runner_yamls/mlx_runner.yml --output_dir {output_dir} --num_diffusion_samples 1
citationbibtex
peptidemodel (2026). CGRP fragment used in weight-loss drug research (alpha-CGRP 97-119) (pep-10618, v1). PeptideModel. https://peptidemodel.com/card/pep-10618
@peptide{pep10618,
  sequence = {LLSRSGGVVKNNFVPTNVGSKAF},
  target   = {calcr},
  author   = {peptidemodel},
  year     = {2026},
  status   = {synthesized}
}
related peptides 5 by signal overlap
clinical trials 0 trials · checked 2026-05-09
0
no registered clinical trials as of 2026-05-09; we'll re-check periodically
references 6 papers
discussion no comments
sign in to comment
peptidemodel.com CC-BY-SA-4.0 research only · not for human use